Functional Outcome of Total Hip Arthroplasty in Patient with Ankylosing Spondylitis: A prospective study

Abstract

Introduction: Total Hip Arthroplasty in patients with Ankylosing Spondylitis is often challenging because the altered biomechanics and systemic inflammatory state associated with Ankylosing Spondylitis may influence both the short-term and long-term outcomes. This study aims to assess the functional outcome of Total Hip Arthroplasty in patients with Ankylosing Spondylitis.

Methods: This prospective study was conducted between November 1, 2019, and October 31, 2024. Patients with Ankylosing Spondylitis who had undergone Total Hip Arthroplasty and has follow-up visit of at least 12 months were included. Patients with revision surgeries or significant comorbidities impacting mobility were excluded. Convenient sampling method was used. Functional outcomes were measured using Harris Hip Scores. Descriptive statistics were used. Continuous data were expressed as mean ± standard deviation, while categorical data were presented as frequencies and percentages.

Result: The study included 48 patients diagnosed with Ankylosing Spondylitis who underwent Total Hip Arthroplasty. The mean age of the participants was 34.95 ± 9.73 years, with 42 males (87.5%) and 6 females (12.5%). The mean follow-up duration after surgery was 36.75 ± 5.62 months. Mean Harris Hip Score improved from 39.70 ± 3.93 to 86.60 ±2.68. 6 (12.5%) patients had excellent, and 42 (87.5%) patients had good functional results.

Conclusion: Patients with Ankylosing Spondylitis can achieve good to excellent functional outcomes following Total Hip Arthroplasty. However, further research is needed to explore long-term outcomes, such as implant survival, and to compare effectiveness of Total Hip Arthroplasty in terms of implant types, surgical techniques, and rehabilitation protocol.